General

New proposals to crack down on subscription traps, have been unveiled by the Department for Business and Trade as the government launches a consultation on measures to make it easier for consumers to get a refund or cancel unwanted subscriptions.

“Subscription traps” are instances where consumers are frequently misled into signing up for a subscription through a “free trial” or reduced price offer. In some cases, if the consumer does not cancel the trial within a set amount of time, they are often automatically transferred to a costly subscription payment plan.

It comes as new figures reveal consumers are spending billions of pounds each year on unwanted subscriptions due to unclear terms and conditions and complicated cancellation routes. Nearly 10 million of 155 million active subscriptions in the UK are unwanted, costing consumers £1.6 billion a year.

Subscriptions can be for anything from magazines to beauty boxes, with many subscriptions having complicated or inconvenient cancellation processes such as phone lines with long waits and restrictive opening hours that can leave consumers feeling trapped.

The consultation sets out proposals to make the refunds and cancellation processes simpler, with a requirement on retailers for greater transparency on their subscription programmes in a way that is proportionate to balance consumer rights without placing unnecessary burdens on businesses.

Determining an acceptable level of pension income for retirement depends on individual circumstances, including lifestyle expectations, health, and financial commitments. However, several guidelines and studies provide benchmarks to assist in planning.

Retirement Living Standards

The Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association (PLSA) outlines three retirement living standards in the UK:

• Minimum Lifestyle: Covers essential needs with some social activities. As of 2024, a single person requires £14,400 annually, while a couple needs £22,400.
• Moderate Lifestyle: Offers more financial flexibility, including short-haul holidays and increased leisure activities. This standard suggests £31,300 per year for singles and £43,100 for couples.
• Comfortable Lifestyle: Allows for luxuries such as long-haul travel and a new car every five years. The recommended income is £43,100 annually for singles and £59,000 for couples.

Average Retirement Incomes

According to government data, the average weekly income for pensioners in 2023 was £267, equating to approximately £13,884 per year. This figure varies regionally, with higher living costs in areas like London potentially reducing disposable income.

Gender Disparities

Studies indicate a gender gap in retirement incomes. Women are projected to receive an average of £12,000 annually, compared to £17,000 for men. This 33% disparity highlights the need for targeted financial planning, especially for women.

Replacement Ratio

A common measure is the replacement ratio, which is the percentage of pre-retirement income needed to maintain lifestyle post-retirement. Typically, replacing 60% to 80% of pre-retirement income is recommended. However, the average retirement income often falls short of this benchmark, underscoring the importance of personalized retirement planning.

State Pension

The UK State Pension provides a foundational income. As of April 2024, the full new State Pension is £221.20 per week, totalling £11,502.40 annually. Eligibility depends on an individual’s National Insurance record, with 35 qualifying years required for the full amount.

Planning Considerations

To achieve a desired retirement income:

• Assess Lifestyle Needs: Determine the lifestyle you wish to maintain and estimate associated costs.
• Calculate Required Income: Use tools like the MoneyHelper pension calculator to estimate the income needed to support your desired lifestyle.
• Review Pension Savings: Evaluate your current pension savings and contributions to ensure they align with your retirement goals.
• Seek Professional Advice: Consulting a financial adviser can provide personalized strategies to optimize retirement income.

In summary, while benchmarks offer general guidance, an acceptable pension income is highly individual. Regularly reviewing and adjusting your retirement plan is essential to meet your specific needs and aspirations.

HMRC has been busy promoting the benefits of using its app. A new advertising campaign launched by HMRC is targeted at 18 to 34 year olds and showcases how the app can help them with their tax affairs and finances.

HMRC’s free tax app is available to download from the App Store for iOS and from the Google Play Store for Android. The latest version of the app includes updated functionality.

HMRC has recently reported that more than 1.7 million people are already using the HMRC app every month. Users of the app can access services such as making a Child Benefit claim, finding their National Insurance number and a tax calculator to estimate their take-home pay.

Between July and September 2024, 711,382 new users downloaded the app, and there was a 39% increase in app activity compared to the same period last year – up from 20.93 million sessions to 29.22 million. And nearly £300 million has been paid to HMRC via the app so far this financial year.

HMRC’s Director General for Customer Services, said:

‘One of the main priorities for HMRC is improving its customer services and this incredibly useful and user-friendly app is a great example of how tax can be made much easier for people.

Whether you’re a student looking for your National Insurance number or a new parent wanting to claim Child Benefit, the HMRC app has a range of tools for you, at your fingertips. I urge everyone to download it today.’

When evaluating the annual running costs of electric vehicles (EVs) compared to diesel cars, several key factors come into play: fuel (or electricity) expenses, maintenance, insurance, taxation, and depreciation. Here's a detailed comparison:

Fuel/Electricity Costs

• Diesel Cars: Assuming an average fuel efficiency of 50 miles per gallon (mpg) and a diesel price of £1.49 per litre, driving 10,000 miles annually would cost approximately £1,361.
• Electric Cars: With an average consumption of 17.5 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per 100 miles, the cost varies based on charging methods:
  • Home Charging: At a standard rate of 29p per kWh, the annual cost is about £508.
  • Public Charging: Using public chargers at an average of 59p per kWh, the cost rises to approximately £1,033.

Therefore, EVs can offer significant savings on energy costs, especially when primarily charged at home.

Maintenance Costs

• Diesel Cars: These vehicles have complex engines with numerous moving parts, leading to higher maintenance needs and costs over time.
• Electric Cars: EVs have fewer moving components, resulting in lower maintenance expenses. Estimates suggest servicing electric cars is about 23% cheaper than servicing diesel or petrol cars over a three-year/60,000-mile period.

Insurance Costs

• Diesel Cars: Insurance premiums are generally based on factors like vehicle value, performance, and repair costs.
• Electric Cars: Insurance for EVs can be higher due to their higher purchase price and specialised repair requirements. Some studies indicate that electric car insurance premiums are 14% higher than their petrol or diesel equivalents.

Taxation

• Diesel Cars: Subject to Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) based on CO₂ emissions, leading to higher annual tax charges.
• Electric Cars: Currently exempt from VED, offering annual savings. However, starting in April 2025, EVs will no longer be exempt from road tax.

Depreciation

• Diesel Cars: Tend to depreciate steadily over time.
• Electric Cars: Initially faced higher depreciation rates, but recent trends show EVs retaining value better, especially as the market grows and technology improves.

Overall Comparison

While EVs often have higher upfront costs, their lower fuel and maintenance expenses can lead to reduced annual running costs compared to diesel cars. However, factors like insurance premiums and future tax changes should be considered. Individual driving habits, charging options, and specific vehicle models will influence the total cost of ownership.

As part of the recent Budget measures, it has been confirmed that the Help to Save scheme is to be extended by a further 2 years, until April 2027. The last date an account can be opened under the current scheme will be 5 April 2027. Around 517,000 Help to Save accounts have been opened since its launch in 2018.

The Help to Save scheme is intended to help those on low incomes to boost their savings. Eligible users of the scheme can save between £1 and £50 every calendar month and receive a 50% government bonus. The 50% bonus is payable at the end of the second and fourth years and is based on how much account holders have saved. The bonus is paid directly into the account holder’s chosen bank account.

This means that account holders on low incomes can receive a maximum bonus of up to £1,200 on savings of £2,400 for 4 years from the date the account is opened.

The eligibility rules for the scheme will also be widened from April 2025 with the scheme opening to all working Universal Credit claimants earning at least £1 a month. The government has also launched a consultation on the most effective way to deliver the new wider scheme. The consultation is open for comment until 22 January 2025.

Insurance companies have united to step up efforts to crack down on fraudsters seeking to manipulate the UK insurance market with bogus claims and duping innocent people into buying fake insurance policies.

In 2023 alone, 84,400 fraudulent claims worth £1.1 billion were detected by the Association of British Insurers (ABI), a 16% increase in the number of detected claims compared to the previous year. 

Crash for cash scams are becoming a significant issue. This sees fraudsters recklessly orchestrate accidents to put forward an insurance claim, putting innocent lives at risk. Fraudsters may also make claims for accidents that never happened.

The Insurance Fraud Bureau is currently investigating over 6,000 suspected fraudulent motor insurance claims, which could be linked to crash for cash scams. In total, this is estimated to be worth over £70 million in potential fraud.

The new voluntary charter is designed to identify loopholes in the insurance market, enhance collaboration and criminal justice outcomes, better understand the scale of the problem and improve victim support.

Pledges include:

• the National Crime Agency’s National Assessment Centre conducting a review into the role of professional enablers in the insurance sector – where someone provides false evidence to support a bogus insurance claim;
• identifying policies being exploited by ‘illegal insurance intermediaries’ – someone pretending to be a broker or selling completely fake insurance to customers;
• strengthening data security measures to stop insurance fraudsters using customer details to target people; and
• reviewing the tactics and websites being used by fraudsters to promote bogus insurance offers – this includes looking at the vulnerable victims’ notifications process, which has proven successful in the banking sector, to better identify and support victims of insurance fraud.

There is unlikely to be much to celebrate when Rachel Reeves delivers her first Budget on the 30^th of October.

Speculation is rife regarding the likely targets for tax increases. We have listed a few of the more persistent predictions below. But note, these are just predictions and there will no doubt be “surprises” when the Budget details are released.

Personal Taxes and Pensions

Labour has pledged not to increase the main rates of Income Tax, National Insurance (NI), or VAT, but other forms of personal taxation may be impacted. Pensions, in particular, are expected to be a focus. For example:

• There are discussions around reducing the tax-free pension lump sum from its current level (£268,275) to a lower amount, which could raise around £2 billion annually​.
• Flat-rate pension tax relief, replacing the current marginal rate system, may be introduced, which could save the government around £5 billion, but it would negatively affect higher earners​.
• Employer pension contributions could also face National Insurance charges, which may lead to employers offering less generous pension schemes​.

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) and Inheritance Tax (IHT)

CGT rates could be increased, with some speculation suggesting they may be aligned with Income Tax rates, raising the top rate from 20% to as much as 45%. This would significantly impact higher earners and business owners. Another option is introducing a "double death tax," where assets are taxed both via CGT upon death and subsequently through IHT​.

Regarding IHT, Labour might increase the tax rate above the current 40% or reduce the £325,000 nil-rate band. Pension pots, currently excluded from IHT, could also be brought into the fold​. .

Business Taxes

While Labour has ruled out large hikes in business taxes, some changes are expected. For example:

• National Insurance Contributions (NICs): A rise in employer NICs from 13.8% to 14.8% is a possibility, potentially raising £8–9 billion for the Treasury.
• Carried Interest and Energy Profits Levy: Reforms to the taxation of carried interest, particularly affecting private equity, and an extension to the Energy Profits Levy are likely to be part of the Budget​.

Other Measures

• Fuel Duty: For the first time in 13 years, fuel duty may be increased, partly as a move to promote the adoption of electric vehicles​.
• VAT on Private Schools: Labour has committed to imposing VAT on private school fees starting in January 2025, a measure that could generate additional revenue but has sparked debate​.

Overall, the October 2024 Budget is shaping up to include "painful" decisions as Labour looks to tackle the fiscal deficit, with changes focused on wealth and asset taxes, pensions, and potentially significant tweaks to business taxation policies.

Banks will be granted new powers to delay and investigate payments suspected of fraud, enhancing consumer protection against scammers.

Under new laws being proposed by the Government, banks will be able to extend the maximum delay for suspicious payments by up to 72 hours when there are reasonable grounds to suspect a payment is fraudulent and additional time is needed for investigation. Under the current regulations, banks are required to either complete or reject a payment by the close of the next business day.

This extended time frame will allow banks more opportunity to disrupt fraudsters' influence over their victims and help combat the estimated £460 million lost to banking fraud in the last year.

The Economic Secretary to the Treasury, commented:

Hundreds of millions of pounds are lost to scammers each year, targeting vulnerable communities and ruining the lives of ordinary people.

We need to protect these people better, which is why we are giving banks more time to investigate suspicious payments and break the criminal spell that scammers weave.

Banks that have reasonable grounds to suspect a payment is fraudulent will be required to notify customers when a payment is delayed as well as to provide instructions on what actions the customer needs to take to unblock the payment. Banks will also be obligated to compensate customers for any interest or late payment fees incurred due to payment delays.

The GOV.UK ID Check app is used to allow applicants to verify their identify when they sign in to a government service with GOV.UK One Login. Once this had been completed satisfactorily, your identity information is automatically saved to your GOV.UK One Login. This means you will not need to prove your identity next time a service needs to check who you are.

The app is available on both iPhone and Android platforms and will check that:

• your photo ID is real
• you are a real person
• you are the same person as in your photo ID

You also need one of the following types of photo ID:

• UK photocard driving licence
• UK passport
• non-UK passport with a biometric chip
• UK biometric residence permit (BRP)
• UK biometric residence card (also called a BRC)
• UK Frontier Worker permit (FWP)

If you are unable to prove your identity using the app there are also options to answer security questions online about things like your mobile phone contract, and any bank accounts, credit cards, loans or mortgages you may have. There is also a further option of using a Post Office that offers ‘in branch verification’.

Chancellor Rachel Reeves has recently introduced a series of new measures aimed at advancing the priorities of the new government. The key announcements include:

• New funding for breakfast clubs at 750 schools with primary-aged pupils.
• The publication of a new Industrial Strategy in the spring.
• A reversal of the decision to write off over £640 million in Covid PPE contracts.
• HMRC will consult on the implementation of e-invoicing for businesses and government departments.

Further details are as follows:

School Breakfast Club Pilot

The Chancellor announced a £7 million breakfast club pilot that will invite up to 750 schools with primary-aged pupils to participate. This funding will allow these schools to provide free breakfast clubs for their students during the summer term (April-July 2025). The initiative aims to reduce the number of hungry children starting the school day, ensuring they are ready to learn.

Covid Corruption Commissioner

The Chancellor declared that no Covid-era PPE contracts will be abandoned or waived until they have been reviewed by the new Covid Corruption Commissioner, who will be appointed in October. This decision affects £647 million in Covid PPE contracts that were previously set to be waived.

Industrial Strategy

The Chancellor emphasized that the Industrial Strategy will be central to the government’s mission to stimulate economic growth, unlock investment, and improve prosperity across the country. A green paper is expected to be published shortly outlining the long-term sectoral growth and priority industries of the government

HMRC Package

Chancellor Reeves also detailed a package of reforms aimed at enhancing the UK’s tax system to strengthen the foundations of the economy. As part of this initiative, HMRC will launch a consultation on e-invoicing to encourage its broader adoption among UK businesses and government departments. Additionally, a new Digital Transformation Roadmap is expected to be published in Spring 2025, outlining HMRC’s vision to become a digital first organisation.